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Light-driven proton translocations in Halobacterium halobium

R A Bogomolni, R A Baker, R H Lozier

    Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta
    |July 9, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Halobacterium halobium uses its purple membrane to pump protons. Initially, light triggers a proton inflow via ATPase, followed by a net outflow, impacting cellular pH.

    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Biophysics
    • Cellular Physiology

    Background:

    • Halobacterium halobium utilizes purple membrane for light-driven proton pumping, establishing an electrochemical gradient.
    • Cellular response to light involves a complex proton flux, not just simple ejection.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the transient proton inflow observed in Halobacterium halobium upon light exposure.
    • To elucidate the mechanisms and driving forces behind the initial proton inflow and subsequent outflow.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized pH electrode measurements to monitor extracellular proton concentration changes.
    • Employed uncouplers and ATPase inhibitors (N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide - DCCD) to probe proton transport pathways.
    • Observed proton flux under varying light conditions and oxygen exposure.

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    Main Results:

    • Light exposure initially triggers a proton inflow, exceeding the subsequent light-driven proton outflow.
    • This initial inflow is driven by a pre-existing electrochemical gradient and occurs via the ATPase, coupled with ATP synthesis.
    • Uncouplers abolish the inflow, while DCCD inhibits ATP synthesis, inflow, and light-off acidification, suggesting ATP hydrolysis involvement.

    Conclusions:

    • The initial proton inflow is a light-triggered event mediated by the ATPase, driven by the cell's internal electrochemical gradient.
    • The ATPase plays a dual role in both ATP synthesis during light-on inflow and ATP hydrolysis during light-off transient acidification.
    • These findings reveal a complex interplay of proton transport mechanisms in Halobacterium halobium's response to environmental stimuli.