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The effect of amphotericin B on the ultrastructure of Prototheca species
Abstract:
Prototheca zopfii and prototheca wickerhamii stains were exposed to subinhibitory concentrations of the antimycotic amphotericin B, and the effect of the treatment on their ultrastructure was assessed. The results revealed ultrastructural changes in the treated cells, expressed by swelling of mitochondria, degradation of cell organelles, accumulation of microbody like structures, lipid droplets and starch granules in the cytoplasm, and changes in the inner layer of the cell wall.
Insights
Subinhibitory concentrations of amphotericin B caused significant ultrastructural changes in Prototheca zopfii and Prototheca wickerhamii. These included mitochondrial swelling, organelle degradation, and cell wall alterations, impacting the algae.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Mycology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Prototheca species are algae capable of causing infections in humans and animals.
- Amphotericin B is a widely used antifungal medication.
- Understanding the cellular effects of subinhibitory drug concentrations is crucial for predicting resistance and treatment outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the ultrastructural effects of subinhibitory amphotericin B concentrations on Prototheca zopfii and Prototheca wickerhamii.
- To identify specific cellular changes induced by this antimycotic treatment.
Main Methods:
- Exposure of Prototheca zopfii and Prototheca wickerhamii cultures to subinhibitory concentrations of amphotericin B.
- Assessment of cellular ultrastructure using electron microscopy techniques.
Main Results:
- Observed significant ultrastructural alterations in treated Prototheca cells.
- Key changes included swelling of mitochondria and degradation of cellular organelles.
- Accumulation of cytoplasmic inclusions such as lipid droplets and starch granules, along with cell wall modifications, were noted.
Conclusions:
- Subinhibitory amphotericin B induces notable ultrastructural damage in Prototheca species.
- These findings provide insights into the cellular mechanisms affected by this antifungal agent at sub-lethal doses.