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Intractable facial pain and illness behaviour

B Speculand1, A N Goss, N D Spence

  • 1Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Surgery, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, W.A. Australia Department of Psychiatry, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, W.A. Australia.

Pain
|October 1, 1981
PubMed
Summary

Identifying intractable facial pain (IFP) patients early may be aided by focusing on illness behavior. IFP patients exhibit distinct attitudes compared to those with minor pain, aiding in earlier patient identification.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Psychology
  • Pain Management
  • Psychosomatic Medicine

Background:

  • Intractable facial pain (IFP) management is challenging.
  • Earlier identification of IFP patients is needed.
  • Illness behavior may be a key factor in IFP identification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate illness behavior in IFP patients.
  • To differentiate IFP patients from those with minor odontogenic pain based on illness behavior.
  • To assess the utility of illness behavior in identifying IFP.

Main Methods:

  • A group of 24 IFP patients (diagnoses: temporomandibular joint dysfunction pain, atypical facial pain, facial neuralgia) completed an illness behavior questionnaire.
  • A control group of patients with minor odontogenic pain also completed the questionnaire.

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  • A discriminant function analysis was used to compare the groups.

    • Main Results:

    • IFP patients showed greater somatic preoccupation.
    • IFP patients had reduced acceptance of medical reassurance.
    • IFP patients were less likely to acknowledge psychological aspects of their pain.
    • Illness behavior scores correctly classified three-quarters of the total sample into IFP and control groups.

    Conclusions:

    • Illness behavior is a significant factor in differentiating IFP patients.
    • Focusing on illness behavior offers a promising avenue for earlier IFP identification.
    • These findings suggest illness behavior is independent of organic pathology or pain chronicity in IFP.