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Considerations on the time factor in radiobiology

H H Rossi

    Radiation and Environmental Biophysics
    |January 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary

    Extending radiation administration time usually reduces effectiveness, but sometimes enhances it. For neutron carcinogenesis, this time-dependent effect likely involves intercellular actions, not just intracellular processes.

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    Area of Science:

    • Radiobiology
    • Radiation Oncology
    • Carcinogenesis

    Background:

    • Radiation effectiveness typically decreases with prolonged administration time.
    • However, certain radiation doses show enhanced effectiveness when administered over longer periods.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To explore theoretical factors influencing radiation sensitivity based on dose-effect curve shape.
    • To investigate the mechanisms behind time-dependent changes in radiation effectiveness, particularly in neutron-induced carcinogenesis.

    Main Methods:

    • Theoretical analysis of dose-effect relationships.
    • Examination of established instances of altered radiation sensitivity.
    • Distinguishing between intracellular and intercellular processes in radiation response.

    Main Results:

    • Dose-effect curve shape is a key factor in determining if radiation effectiveness is reduced or enhanced over time.
    • While intracellular processes explain some sensitivity changes, they do not fully account for neutron carcinogenesis.
    • Time-dependent intercellular actions appear crucial for understanding neutron carcinogenesis by low doses.

    Conclusions:

    • Radiation dose-effect relationships are complex and can be modulated by administration time.
    • Neutron carcinogenesis at low doses involves time-dependent intercellular signaling pathways.
    • Further research into intercellular communication is needed to fully understand radiation carcinogenesis.

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