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Summary
Patch tests revealed that 9.9% of patients with eczematous skin disease experienced adverse reactions to a 10% urea cream. These reactions are likely toxic, stemming from the cream's hypertonicity and acidity.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Toxicology
Background:
- Eczematous skin diseases are common conditions requiring effective topical treatments.
- Urea-containing creams are frequently used for their moisturizing and keratolytic properties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the safety and potential for adverse reactions of a 10% urea cream (Calmuril) in patients with eczematous skin disease.
- To investigate the cause of positive patch test reactions observed with the urea cream.
Main Methods:
- Patch testing was conducted on 79 patients diagnosed with eczematous skin disease.
- Standard patch tests were applied using the 10% urea cream and its individual ingredients.
Main Results:
- Seven out of 79 patients (9.9%) exhibited positive patch test reactions to the 10% urea cream.
- Patch tests performed with the individual ingredients of the cream did not result in any positive reactions.
Conclusions:
- The positive patch test reactions observed are likely not due to allergic sensitization but rather to a direct toxic effect.
- The hypertonicity and acidity of the 10% urea cream are suggested as the causative factors for the observed toxic reactions.