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Subacute inhalation toxicity testing with iodoform vapor

M F Tansy, M Werley, W Landin

    Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health
    |July 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary

    Subacute inhalation studies determined the 7-hour LC50 for iodoform vapor in Sprague-Dawley rats to be 183 ppm. Repeated exposure to lower iodoform concentrations showed minimal systemic toxicity, with only renal tubule mineralization observed at 14 ppm.

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    Area of Science:

    • Toxicology
    • Inhalation Toxicology
    • Environmental Health

    Background:

    • Iodoform is a chemical compound with potential industrial applications.
    • Understanding its toxicological profile is crucial for occupational safety and environmental risk assessment.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the 7-hour LC50 (Lethal Concentration 50%) of iodoform vapor in adult Sprague-Dawley rats.
    • To evaluate the subacute toxic effects of repeated iodoform vapor inhalation over seven consecutive days.

    Main Methods:

    • Adult Sprague-Dawley rats (5 males, 5 females per group) were exposed to varying concentrations of iodoform vapor in a custom-designed inhalation chamber.
    • LC50 was determined following a single 7-hour exposure and 24-hour observation period.
    • Subacute toxicity was assessed through daily 7-hour exposures for 7 days to 1 ppm and 14 ppm iodoform, with subsequent physiological and hematological evaluations.

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    Main Results:

    • The 7-hour LC50 for iodoform vapor was determined to be 183 ppm.
    • Subacute exposure to 1 ppm and 14 ppm iodoform did not result in significant changes in food/water intake, excretion, or intestinal transit.
    • No remarkable changes were observed in SMA 12/60 blood parameters.
    • Mineralized deposits in the medullary renal tubules were the only histopathological finding, observed in some rats from the 14-ppm exposure group.

    Conclusions:

    • Iodoform vapor exhibits moderate acute toxicity, with an LC50 of 183 ppm for a 7-hour exposure.
    • Subacute inhalation of iodoform at 1 and 14 ppm appears to have a low systemic toxicity profile in Sprague-Dawley rats.
    • Renal tubule mineralization at 14 ppm warrants further investigation for potential long-term effects.