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[C13/C12 Ratios in human urinary calculi]

J Hoefs, T Armbruster

    Die Naturwissenschaften
    |November 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary

    Carbon isotope analysis of kidney stones reveals endogenic sources for oxalate and uric acid stones. Phosphate stones show unique isotopic signatures, potentially influenced by bacterial activity, offering insights into stone formation.

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    Area of Science:

    • Geochemistry
    • Biogeochemistry
    • Isotope analysis

    Context:

    • Kidney stones, including oxalate, uric acid, and phosphate types, are common and can be influenced by various metabolic and environmental factors.
    • Understanding the origin of stone components is crucial for developing effective prevention and treatment strategies.
    • Carbon isotope composition (delta13C) provides a unique tracer for metabolic pathways and sources of organic matter.

    Purpose:

    • To investigate the carbon isotope composition (delta13C) of different types of kidney stones (oxalate, uric acid, phosphate).
    • To determine whether endogenic (internal body) or exogenic (external environmental) sources are primarily responsible for the observed carbon isotope ratios.
    • To explore potential factors influencing the isotopic composition, particularly for phosphate stones.

    Summary:

    • Analysis of delta13C values in oxalate stones ranged from -17.0 to -19.5%, uric acid stones from -14.9 to -19.4%, and phosphate stones from -13.0 to -23.9%.
    • The findings suggest that endogenic metabolic processes are the main contributors to the carbon isotope ratios in oxalate and uric acid stones.
    • Phosphate stones exhibit a wider isotopic range, indicating that bacterial activity may play a significant role in their carbon source or isotopic signature.

    Impact:

    • This study provides novel insights into the metabolic origins of kidney stone components using stable isotope geochemistry.
    • The results suggest distinct formation pathways for different stone types, potentially enabling more targeted therapeutic interventions.
    • Identifying the influence of bacterial activity on phosphate stones opens avenues for research into the microbiome's role in urolithiasis.

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