[Pathogenetic treatment of various hereditary extrapyramidal disorders with new drugs]

The authors report the results of treatment of hereditary extrapyramidal diseases with new preparations acting upon neurotransmitter systems. Patients with torsion dystonia, Huntington's chorea, Parkinson's disease, hereditary tremor, myoclonic epilepsy were followed-up for several years.. The best results in akinetic-rigidity syndromes (Parkinson's disease, rigid froms of torsion dystonia, Hallevorden-Spatz disease) were obtained with L-DOPA (including Sinemet, Nacom, Madopar) and in many patients these preparations were given in combination with other drugs (cholinolytic agents, Midantan) which contributed to compensation of the disturbed equilibrium of neurotransmitter systems and reduction of side effects. For decreasing the side effects of L-DOPA (hyperkineses of dystonic type, chorea and myoclonia) preparations from the group of phenothiazine and diazepine were given. In many cases improvement was achieved by slover increase of L-DOPA doses. In the hyperkinetic syndromes (Huntington's chorea, idiopathic tremor, myoclonic epilepsy, hyperkinetic torsion dystonia) preparations of phenothiazine, butyrophenone and new drugs active on the GABAergic system (Baclophen, Lyoresal, Pantogam) and diazepine (Clonazepam) were used. The analysis of the results shows that disturbed equilibrium of central neurotransmitters plays and important role in the pathogenesis of hereditary extrapyramidal system diseases.