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[Post-transfusion hepatitis]
Revista De Igiena, Bacteriologie, Virusologie, Parazitologie, Epidemiologie, Pneumoftiziologie. Bacteriologia, Virusologia, Parazitologia, Epidemiologia
|July 1, 1981
Summary
Preventing post-transfusion hepatitis (PTH) through careful donor screening and transfusion practices significantly reduced its incidence. Early detection of Hepatitis B carriers is crucial for preventing PTH type B, which is costly to treat.
Area of Science:
- Hepatology
- Transfusion Medicine
- Virology
Background:
- Post-transfusion hepatitis (PTH) posed a significant challenge in acute viral hepatitis management.
- Hepatitis B virus (HBV) was identified as a major contributor to PTH.
- The economic burden of PTH treatment exceeded that of general acute viral hepatitis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the incidence, etiology, evolution, prognosis, and treatment of PTH.
- To evaluate the impact of transfusion practices and HBV carrier screening on PTH frequency.
- To determine the proportion of PTH attributed to Hepatitis B and advocate for improved detection methods.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 253 PTH cases among 7224 acute viral hepatitis patients (1973-1979).
- Implementation of rational transfusion protocols and HBV carrier elimination strategies.
- Donor screening using contra-immunoelectrophoresis to detect Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBs Ag).
Main Results:
- A three-fold decrease in PTH incidence was observed following improved transfusion practices and HBV carrier control.
- Hepatitis B accounted for at least 26.8% of all PTH cases.
- PTH treatment was complex, requiring prolonged hospitalization and incurring higher costs than general acute viral hepatitis.
Conclusions:
- Rational transfusion and HBV carrier elimination are effective in reducing PTH incidence.
- More sensitive HBs Ag detection methods are necessary to eliminate PTH type B.
- Investment in PTH prevention is cost-effective due to the high treatment expenses.