[Swan-neck deformity]

The factors contributing to stability in the proximal interphalangeal joints are described. As a result of damage to one or more links of the system, a typical abnormal position of the joints occurs, called swan-neck deformity. The possibilities for stabilization of the joints are discussed with emphasis on the technique of LITTLER which employs a distally based lateral band. This band prevents recurvatum deformity of the PIP joint and flexion deformity of the DIP joint when it is passed palmar to CLELAND's ligament, thereby simulating the oblique retinacular ligament of LANDSMEER.