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[Study of cefroxadine in pediatrics regarding clinical efficacy and serum levels (author's transl)]
Insights
Cefroxadine demonstrated high efficacy (89.3%) in treating pediatric infections like pharyngitis and UTIs. This antibiotic was well-tolerated, with minimal side effects, and showed good serum levels for infection prophylaxis in children with heart disease.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases
- Clinical Pharmacology
- Antimicrobial Therapy
Background:
- Cefroxadine is a cephalosporin antibiotic used in pediatric care.
- Evaluating its efficacy and safety in children is crucial for clinical practice.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the pharmacokinetic profile of cefroxadine in children with heart disease undergoing cardiac procedures.
- To determine the clinical efficacy and bacteriological response of cefroxadine in various pediatric infections.
- To evaluate the safety and tolerability of cefroxadine in the pediatric population.
Main Methods:
- Pharmacokinetic analysis of cefroxadine serum levels and half-life in 9 children with heart disease.
- Clinical evaluation of cefroxadine in 56 children with infections including pharyngitis, tonsillitis, scarlet fever, urinary tract infections, and impetigo.
- Bacteriological analysis of causative organisms and their eradication following cefroxadine treatment.
Main Results:
- Cefroxadine achieved therapeutic serum levels with a mean peak of 22.5 mcg/ml at 30 minutes and 16.2 mcg/ml at 1 hour in children with heart disease, with half-lives of 3.1 and 1.37 hours respectively.
- An overall clinical efficacy rate of 89.3% was observed in 56 pediatric patients across various infections.
- Complete eradication of causative bacteria, including S. pyogenes, E. coli, and S. aureus, was achieved in all cases analyzed.
Conclusions:
- Cefroxadine is an effective antibiotic for treating common pediatric infections with a high success rate.
- The drug exhibits favorable pharmacokinetic properties for infection prophylaxis in high-risk pediatric patients.
- Cefroxadine is safe and well-tolerated in children, with a low incidence of adverse effects.
Abstract:
Basic and clinical evaluations of cefroxadine were carried out in children, and the following results were obtained. 1. Cefroxadine 20 mg/kg was administered to 9 children with heart disease for the prophylaxis against infections before undergoing cardiocatheterization and cardioangiography, and serum levels were determined. Peak levels reached after 30 minutes in 4 of the 9 cases, with a mean peak level of 22.5 mcg/ml and after 1 hour in 5 cases, with a mean peak level of 16.2 mcg/ml. Half life was 3.1 hours in the former group in a 6-hour blood sampling (1.04 hours in a 2-hour sampling) while in the latter group it was 1.37 hours. 2. Clinical responses were evaluated in 56 children comprising 23 cases of pharyngitis, 8 of tonsillitis, 13 of scarlet fever, 10 of urinary tract infections and 2 of impetigo. Fifty of these cases had excellent and good responses showing a efficacy rate of 89.3%. 3. From 42 of the cases, 43 strains were isolated as causative organisms. Major organisms included 27 strains of S. pyogenes, 9 of E. coli and 3 of S. aureus. As for bacteriological responses, all strains were eradicated. 4. No severe side effects were observed except for diarrhea of 1 cases and eosinophilia of 2 cases. Furthermore, no children refused to take cefroxadine dry syrup.