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Liver in leprosy - II. Histopathological changes

K Robins, K R Leena Devi, T Vijayakumar

    Leprosy in India
    |October 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary

    Leprosy patients

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    Area of Science:

    • Hepatology
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Pathology

    Background:

    • Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease primarily affecting the skin and peripheral nerves.
    • Hepatic involvement is common in leprosy patients, though often subclinical.
    • Liver biopsy is a valuable tool for assessing histopathological changes in leprosy.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the spectrum of liver biopsy findings in leprosy patients.
    • To compare liver histopathology between untreated, treated, and quiescent leprosy groups.
    • To evaluate the impact of multidrug therapy on hepatic lesions in leprosy.

    Main Methods:

    • Seventy-seven leprosy patients were enrolled and categorized into three groups: untreated (n=42), treated (n=28), and clinically quiescent (n=7).
    • Liver biopsy specimens were obtained from all patients.
    • Histopathological examination focused on identifying granulomatous inflammation, inflammatory cell infiltrates, hepatocytolysis, and fatty degeneration.

    Main Results:

    • The predominant microscopic changes observed were epithelioid cell granuloma, foam cell granuloma, and non-specific inflammatory reactions.
    • Hepatocytolysis and fatty degeneration were less frequent findings.
    • Fewer liver lesions were observed in the treated leprosy group compared to the untreated group, suggesting a therapeutic effect on hepatic pathology.

    Conclusions:

    • Leprosy frequently causes granulomatous and inflammatory changes in the liver.
    • Multidrug therapy appears to reduce the severity of hepatic histopathological findings in leprosy patients.
    • Liver biopsy is crucial for understanding the pathogenesis and treatment response in hepatic manifestations of leprosy.

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