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Comparison of dominant lethal and heritable translocation methodologies

D Anderson, M C Hodge, S Palmer

    Mutation Research
    |December 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary

    Ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) is a confirmed mutagen, while shikimic acid is not. The dominant lethal assay is an efficient screening tool for detecting mutagenicity, paralleling heritable translocation effects.

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    Area of Science:

    • Toxicology
    • Genetics
    • Mutagenesis

    Background:

    • Assessing chemical mutagens requires robust assays to evaluate potential heritable effects.
    • Ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) and shikimic acid were investigated for their genotoxic potential.
    • Understanding mutagenicity is crucial for public health and environmental safety.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the mutagenic potential of ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) and shikimic acid in male mice.
    • To compare the efficiency of the dominant lethal assay and the heritable translocation assay for detecting mutagenicity.
    • To assess the impact of different treatment durations and methods on mutagenic outcomes.

    Main Methods:

    • Male mice were administered EMS or shikimic acid via gavage or intraperitoneal injection over varying durations.

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  • Animals were mated to assess dominant lethality and heritable translocations.
  • Soares' method for dominant lethality and a 'sieving' method for sterility were employed and compared.

    • Main Results:

    • Ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) was confirmed as a mutagen, inducing dominant lethal effects and heritable translocations.
    • Shikimic acid did not demonstrate mutagenic activity in this study.
    • The 8-week dominant lethal assay proved more efficient for screening mutagenic responses than the 8-week heritable translocation assay.
    • Short-term EMS treatment (1 week) effectively induced both dominant lethal and heritable effects.

    Conclusions:

    • EMS is a potent mutagen, while shikimic acid lacks mutagenic activity under the tested conditions.
    • The dominant lethal assay is a valuable and efficient screening tool for identifying potential mutagens.
    • Treatment duration significantly influences the detection of mutagenic and heritable effects.