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Physiological responses during work in hot humid environments

J S Gupta, Y V Swamy, G P Dimri

    Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
    |October 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary

    Working in hot, humid conditions significantly impacts physiological responses and reduces work performance in young Indian adults. Heat stress increases oxygen consumption, heart rate, and rectal temperature, while decreasing work duration and efficiency.

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    Area of Science:

    • Environmental Physiology
    • Human Performance
    • Occupational Health

    Background:

    • Understanding physiological responses to heat stress is crucial for optimizing work environments and preventing heat-related illnesses.
    • Previous research has explored heat's impact on performance, but specific data on young Indian populations in varied humid conditions is limited.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the physiological reactions of young, healthy Indian adults during sub-maximal work in simulated comfortable, hot humid, and very hot humid environments.
    • To assess the impact of heat stress on exercise oxygen consumption, ventilation, heart rate, work duration, body temperature, and sweat rate.

    Main Methods:

    • Six young healthy Indian participants performed fixed work rates (400, 500, 600 kgM/min) in controlled environmental chambers.

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  • Physiological parameters including oxygen consumption (VO2), pulmonary ventilation (VE), heart rate (HR), rectal temperature (Tr), skin temperature (Ts), and sweat rate were monitored.

    • Main Results:

    • Higher oxygen consumption (VO2) was observed at 400 kgM/min in hot/very hot humid conditions. Heart rate increased significantly in hot environments, except at the highest work rate.
    • Work duration decreased significantly (P<0.001) in hot humid conditions compared to comfortable temperatures. Mean skin and rectal temperatures increased with heat exposure, with a faster rise at higher work rates.
    • Sweat rate increased significantly with rising heat load. Work performance was impaired in hot humid environments due to early attainment of maximum heart rate and reduced VO2 max.

    Conclusions:

    • Hot and humid environments significantly impair physiological responses and reduce work capacity in young Indian adults.
    • Heat stress leads to earlier fatigue, increased physiological strain, and diminished work performance, highlighting the need for heat management strategies in occupational settings.