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Caffeine: an update

B L Oser, R A Ford

    Drug and Chemical Toxicology
    |January 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Caffeine consumption in soft drinks remains safe, with per capita intake stable since 1961. Recent reviews reaffirm caffeine

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    Area of Science:

    • Food Science
    • Toxicology
    • Nutritional Science

    Background:

    • Caffeine intake from soft drinks has not increased per capita despite rising total volumes.
    • Caffeine content in soft drinks has remained consistent or decreased since 1961.
    • Previous reviews, including FASEB's SCOGS in 1978, found no demonstrated hazard.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To re-evaluate the Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) status of caffeine in nonalcoholic beverages.
    • To assess recent scientific data on caffeine's effects in humans and animals.
    • To determine if current caffeine usage levels pose a public health risk.

    Main Methods:

    • Comprehensive review of existing scientific literature on caffeine.
    • Inclusion of data available to the 1978 FASEB SCOGS committee.

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  • Inclusion of several more recent studies not previously reviewed.
  • Expert panel review by the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers' Association (FEMA).

    • Main Results:

    • Caffeine levels in soft drinks have not significantly changed since 1961.
    • No new evidence demonstrates a hazard associated with current caffeine consumption levels in beverages.
    • The overall per capita daily intake of caffeine has remained stable.

    Conclusions:

    • Caffeine continues to be recognized as safe (GRAS) for its current use in nonalcoholic beverages.
    • The FEMA Expert Panel reaffirms the GRAS status based on extensive data review.
    • Further study was suggested, but current evidence supports continued safe use.