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The kangaroo rat as a model for type I decompression sickness

B A Hills, B D Butler

    Undersea Biomedical Research
    |December 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Kangaroo rats exhibit tail biting due to decompression, serving as a valuable model for human decompression sickness. This response to recompression suggests a shared mechanism, making them ideal for studying diving safety.

    Area of Science:

    • * Physiology
    • * Comparative Medicine
    • * Hyperbaric Medicine

    Background:

    • * Decompression sickness, or "the bends," affects divers and aviators.
    • * Animal models are crucial for understanding and preventing decompression sickness.
    • * Previous models have limitations in convenience and economic viability.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • * To evaluate kangaroo rats as an animal model for human decompression sickness.
    • * To investigate the mechanism of decompression-induced tail biting in kangaroo rats.
    • * To compare the susceptibility of kangaroo rats to decompression stress with that of humans and other animals.

    Main Methods:

    • * Conducted 720 decompression exposures on 70 kangaroo rats.
    • * Observed tail biting as an indicator of decompression sickness.

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  • * Utilized recompression and pathological tail examination to assess the phenomenon.

    • Main Results:

    • * Decompression-induced tail biting in kangaroo rats effectively models human marginal limb bends.
    • * The phenomenon was reversible by recompression, indicating a similar underlying mechanism.
    • * Kangaroo rats accurately replicated human no-stop decompression limits for various durations and gas mixtures (air, helium-oxygen).

    Conclusions:

    • * Kangaroo rats provide a suitable and convenient animal model for studying human decompression sickness.
    • * Their susceptibility is comparable to humans, especially for marginal decompression scenarios.
    • * Economically viable for testing decompression prevention strategies, including long helium-oxygen schedules.