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Related Experiment Videos

Theophylline toxicity in term infants

F E Simons, F R Friesen, K J Simons

    American Journal of Diseases of Children (1960)
    |January 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary

    Theophylline overdoses in 1-month-old infants showed unique pharmacokinetic profiles. Caffeine presence suggests alternative metabolic pathways in young infants, warranting cautious use of theophylline.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Pharmacology
    • Neonatal Toxicology

    Background:

    • Theophylline is used for respiratory distress in infants.
    • Accidental theophylline overdoses in neonates are rare but informative.

    Observation:

    • Two 1-month-old term infants experienced theophylline overdose during bronchiolitis treatment.
    • Both infants recovered without neurological issues.
    • Caffeine was detected in serum, though not administered.

    Findings:

    • Theophylline elimination half-life was 14.5-15.2 hours, longer than in older infants.
    • N-methylation may be a key elimination pathway in term infants, unlike older individuals.
    • Theophylline's efficacy for bronchiolitis is unproven.

    Implications:

    • Theophylline should be used cautiously in young infants due to its unique pharmacokinetics.
    • Further studies on theophylline metabolism in term infants are needed.
    • Alternative metabolic pathways like N-methylation warrant investigation.

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