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Asymmetrically permeable membrane channels in cell junction

J L Flagg-Newton, W R Loewenstein

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |February 15, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
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    New asymmetric membrane junctions show directional molecular sieving, allowing selective passage of molecules based on cell channel differences. This directional selectivity is independent of electric fields, offering novel insights into cell communication.

    Area of Science:

    • Cell biology
    • Membrane biophysics
    • Intercellular communication

    Background:

    • Homologous cell junctions typically exhibit similar channel permselectivities.
    • Asymmetric junctions, formed from cells with differing channel properties, are less understood.
    • Understanding junctional asymmetry is key to deciphering complex cellular communication.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the properties of asymmetrically formed cell-cell junctions.
    • To determine if these junctions exhibit directional permselectivity.
    • To explore the physiological implications of directional molecular sieving.

    Main Methods:

    • Formation of asymmetric membrane junctions by pairing distinct cell types in culture.
    • Assessment of junctional permselectivity using fluorescently labeled molecules of varying sizes and polarity.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Comparison of permeant flux in both directions across the asymmetric junction.

    • Main Results:

    • Asymmetric junctions displayed directional permselectivity, favoring passage in one direction.
    • Fluorescently labeled glutamic acid (700 Da) traversed preferentially in a specific direction.
    • Directional selectivity was observed without an electric field, distinguishing it from rectifying junctions.
    • The favored direction correlated with the cell type possessing less restrictive homologous channels.

    Conclusions:

    • Asymmetric cell junctions can exhibit directional molecular sieving.
    • This phenomenon is driven by differences in channel precursors, not electric fields.
    • Directional sieving has significant potential for regulating communication between functionally distinct cells.