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Vascular load defined by the aortic input impedance spectrum

W W Nichols, C J Pepine, E A Geiser

Federation Proceedings

|February 1, 1980

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The arterial system

Area of Science:

Cardiovascular Physiology
Biomedical Engineering
Hemodynamics

Background:

Ventricular function is critically influenced by the arterial load during ejection.
The arterial system's mechanical properties dictate the opposition to blood flow.
Understanding this interaction is key to comprehending cardiac performance.

Purpose of the Study:

To define the dynamic vascular load imposed on the ventricle.
To characterize the arterial load using aortic input impedance.
To investigate how arterial properties affect ventricular function.

Main Methods:

Fourier analysis of pulsatile pressure and flow waves in the ascending aorta.
Calculation of aortic input impedance spectrum.

Related Experiment Videos

Measurement of ventricular pressure and stroke volume in response to vascular load changes.

Main Results:

Aortic input impedance quantifies peripheral resistance, aortic compliance, and wave reflections.
Increased resistance or decreased compliance elevates peak left ventricular pressure and reduces stroke volume.
Elevated vascular load components are observed in heart failure patients, responsive to vasodilators.

Conclusions:

The arterial mechanical properties, described by aortic input impedance, significantly influence ventricular outflow opposition.
Aortic input impedance serves as a functional measure of the external load on the ventricle.
Modulating arterial properties can impact ventricular performance, particularly in conditions like heart failure.