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Related Experiment Videos

Diagnostic modalities in choroidal melanoma

D H Char, R D Stone, A R Irvine

    American Journal of Ophthalmology
    |February 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary

    Clinical diagnosis is most accurate for detecting choroidal melanoma in patients with clear media. Ultrasound and clinical exams show good correlation for tumor size, though ultrasound is best for height in small melanomas.

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    Area of Science:

    • Ophthalmology
    • Oncology
    • Medical Imaging

    Background:

    • Choroidal melanomas are the most common primary intraocular malignancy.
    • Accurate diagnosis and size measurement are crucial for treatment planning and prognosis.
    • Variability in diagnostic methods can impact patient outcomes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of clinical examination, ultrasound, and fluorescein angiography for choroidal melanoma.
    • To assess the accuracy of tumor size measurements using these modalities.
    • To identify the most reliable methods for diagnosing and measuring choroidal melanomas.

    Main Methods:

    • Prospective study of 51 patients with suspected choroidal melanoma.
    • Masked assessment of diagnostic accuracy for clinical, ultrasound, and fluorescein methods.

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  • Comparison of tumor size measurements from clinical, ultrasound, and pathology data.

    • Main Results:

    • Clinical diagnosis demonstrated the highest accuracy in detecting choroidal melanoma when ocular media were clear.
    • Excellent correlation was observed between clinical, ultrasound, and pathology measurements of tumor size.
    • For small melanomas, clinical examination was superior for diameter, while ultrasound excelled in height measurement.
    • Significant variability in tumor measurements occurred during serial ophthalmoscopic examinations, even by trained specialists.

    Conclusions:

    • Clinical examination is a highly accurate method for diagnosing choroidal melanoma, particularly with clear ocular media.
    • Ultrasound and clinical assessments provide reliable tumor size measurements, with specific strengths for diameter and height.
    • Despite advancements, serial ophthalmoscopic measurements show inherent variability, highlighting the need for consistent protocols.