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[Insulin binding to isolated cells]

H Keilacker, M Ziegler, S Knospe

    Acta Biologica Et Medica Germanica
    |January 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Insulin binds to receptors on rat cells, with higher affinity in adipocytes than fibroblasts. This binding is crucial for regulating glucose metabolism.

    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Cell Biology
    • Biochemistry

    Context:

    • Insulin's role in glucose metabolism is well-established.
    • Understanding insulin receptor binding is key to elucidating its cellular effects.
    • Cultured cells and primary tissues offer distinct models for studying hormone-receptor interactions.

    Purpose:

    • To characterize insulin receptor binding and affinity in various rat cell types.
    • To compare insulin binding characteristics between fibroblasts and adipocytes.
    • To investigate the relationship between insulin receptor occupancy and biological response.

    Summary:

    • Mono-125I-insulin binding was assessed in cultured rat hepatocytes, fibroblasts, and freshly isolated adipocytes.
    • Fibroblasts exhibited low specific insulin binding (K = 0.75 x 10^9 M-1, q = 4000 sites/cell) with measurable lactate production.

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  • Adipocytes demonstrated high affinity (K = 2.8 x 10^9 M-1, q = 22000 sites/cell) and capacity for insulin binding, correlating with enhanced glucose conversion to CO2 and triglycerides.

    • Impact:

    • Characterization of insulin receptor binding provides insights into insulin's mechanism of action.
    • Differences in binding affinity and capacity between cell types highlight tissue-specific responses to insulin.
    • The observed shift in the binding curve suggests a mechanism for fine-tuning insulin's regulation of carbohydrate metabolism.