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Long-term corticosteroid effect on lymphocyte and polymorphonuclear cell function in asthmatics

J L Chiang, R Patterson, J J McGillen

    The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
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    This summary is machine-generated.

    Long-term alternate-day prednisone use in asthmatic patients causes temporary drops in lymphocyte and polymorphonuclear cell (PMN) function. These immune cell functions recover within 24 hours, unaffected by inhaled steroids.

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Pharmacology
    • Pulmonology

    Background:

    • Alternate-day oral steroid therapy is common for managing chronic asthma.
    • Long-term effects on immune cell function require thorough investigation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess the impact of long-term alternate-day prednisone on lymphocyte and polymorphonuclear cell (PMN) functions.
    • To determine if inhaled corticosteroids affect these immune responses.

    Main Methods:

    • Studied 10 adult asthmatic patients on alternate-day prednisone (3-12 years).
    • Measured lymphocyte transformation, PMN adherence, and other immune parameters at 4 and 24 hours post-prednisone.
    • Assessed effects of concurrent inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate.

    Main Results:

    • Prednisone caused transient lymphopenia, reduced PHA lymphocyte transformation, and suppressed PMN adherence at 4 hours.
    • Immune functions normalized by 24 hours post-prednisone.
    • No significant suppression observed in total leukocyte count, E-rosette forming lymphocytes, immunoglobulins, PMN phagocytosis, or skin reactivity.

    Conclusions:

    • Acute effects of oral prednisone on lymphocyte and PMN function are transient, recovering within 24 hours.
    • Long-term alternate-day prednisone therapy does not appear to cause persistent immune suppression.
    • Inhaled beclomethasone did not impede the recovery of prednisone-induced transient leukocyte abnormalities.