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The relationship between coding sequences and function in haemoglobin

W A Eaton

    Nature
    |March 13, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Exons, or coding DNA sequences, may represent functional protein units, speeding evolution. This study investigates exon-function relationships in alpha and beta globin genes within hemoglobin.

    Area of Science:

    • Molecular Biology
    • Evolutionary Biology
    • Genetics

    Background:

    • Introns (intervening sequences) in DNA may accelerate evolution by enabling novel protein construction from existing segments.
    • Exons (coding sequences) are hypothesized to correspond to distinct functional parts of proteins.
    • The immunoglobulin gamma heavy chain provides a strong example, with its coding sequences mapping to functional polypeptide units.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To test the hypothesis that coding sequences (exons) correlate with functional units of proteins.
    • To examine the relationship between coding sequences of alpha and beta globin genes and their corresponding structures in the tetrameric hemoglobin molecule.

    Main Methods:

    • Comparative analysis of gene sequences and protein structures.

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  • Focus on alpha and beta globin genes and their roles in hemoglobin.

    • Main Results:

    • While the link between beta globin coding sequences and function is less apparent than in immunoglobulins, one coding sequence is associated with the heme crevice.
    • The study investigates the specific functional correlations for alpha and beta globin coding sequences within the complete hemoglobin structure.

    Conclusions:

    • The findings contribute to understanding the exon theory of protein evolution.
    • Further investigation is needed to fully elucidate the structure-function relationships of globin gene coding sequences.