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Serum antibody levels after immunization with trivalent oral poliovirus vaccine

O Pollak, D J Power, P Bundred

    South African Medical Journal = Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif Vir Geneeskunde
    |February 9, 1980
    PubMed

    Insights

    Seventy-seven infants received three doses of oral poliovirus vaccine. Antibody titres to all three poliovirus types were achieved in 77% of children, with further studies recommended.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatrics
    • Immunology
    • Vaccinology

    Background:

    • The oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) is crucial for polio eradication.
    • Assessing vaccine immunogenicity in infants is vital for public health strategies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate antibody titres to polioviruses in infants after trivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (tOPV) administration.
    • To identify the prevalence of seroconversion and potential vaccine failure in a cohort of young children.

    Main Methods:

    • Seventy-seven infants aged 3-9 months received three doses of tOPV.
    • Neutralizing antibody titres were measured to assess immune response to all three poliovirus types.

    Main Results:

    • 59 out of 77 (77%) infants achieved protective antibody titres (≥1:10) against all three poliovirus types.
    • 18 infants (23%) lacked demonstrable antibodies to one or more poliovirus types, most commonly types 1 and 3.

    Conclusions:

    • While 77% seroconversion is substantial, a significant proportion of infants did not achieve adequate antibody titres after three OPV doses.
    • Further research into additional vaccine doses and their impact on serum antibody levels is recommended to address vaccination failures.

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