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Hyperprolactinemia from radiation-induced hypothalamic hypopituitarism

G Corkill, F W Hanson, E M Gold

    Surgical Neurology
    |January 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Radiation therapy for brain tumors can cause hyperprolactinemia and damage the hypothalamus, pituitary, and thyroid glands. This study highlights these endocrine risks in a young adult female patient after brain neoplasia treatment.

    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Oncology
    • Radiology

    Background:

    • Previous studies (Samaan et al., 1975; Shalet et al., 1977) documented hypothalamic radiation damage and endocrine morbidity after childhood irradiation for brain tumors.
    • Hypothalamic and pituitary dysfunction are known risks associated with radiation therapy to the head and neck region.

    Observation:

    • This report details a case of hyperprolactinemia in a young adult female treated with irradiation for brain neoplasia.
    • The patient exhibited associated dysfunction of the hypothalamic, pituitary, and thyroid axes.

    Findings:

    • Cranial irradiation for brain neoplasia can lead to significant endocrine sequelae, including hyperprolactinemia.
    • Disruption of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis is a potential complication following this type of treatment.

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    Implications:

    • Highlights the importance of long-term endocrine monitoring in patients treated with cranial irradiation.
    • Underscores the need for awareness of potential hormonal imbalances and their management in survivors of brain neoplasia.
    • Informs clinical practice regarding the comprehensive assessment of endocrine health post-radiation therapy.