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Functional changes in autonomic nervous responses with ageing

K J Collins, A N Exton-Smith, M H James

    Age and Ageing
    |February 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Ageing significantly impairs autonomic nervous system responses, including heart rate variability and blood pressure regulation, in healthy older adults. These autonomic functions are further compromised in elderly patients with specific health conditions.

    Area of Science:

    • Gerontology
    • Neuroscience
    • Physiology

    Background:

    • Autonomic nervous system (ANS) regulation is crucial for maintaining homeostasis.
    • Age-related changes in ANS function can impact cardiovascular and other physiological systems.
    • Understanding these changes is vital for geriatric health and disease management.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of ageing on autonomic nervous responses.
    • To compare autonomic function in young adults, healthy elderly individuals, and elderly patients with specific conditions.
    • To identify potential physiological impairments in autonomic neural pathways due to ageing.

    Main Methods:

    • Comparative analysis of autonomic nervous responses.
    • Inclusion of young adults, healthy elderly individuals (66-86 years), and elderly patients with hypothermia, bladder dysfunction, or orthostatic hypotension.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Assessment of beat-to-beat variation, vasoconstrictor response to cooling, and baroreflex sensitivity during lower-body negative pressure.

    • Main Results:

    • Healthy elderly subjects showed diminished beat-to-beat variation, reduced vasoconstrictor response to cooling, and decreased baroreflex sensitivity compared to young adults.
    • Elderly patients with atonic bladder exhibited a more pronounced reduction in baroreflex sensitivity.
    • Autonomic disturbances were observed across multiple systems in the elderly groups.

    Conclusions:

    • Ageing is associated with significant declines in autonomic nervous system function.
    • Specific health conditions in the elderly can exacerbate age-related autonomic impairments.
    • Physiological impairment in autonomic neural pathways is a likely consequence of ageing.