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Related Concept Videos

Drug Absorption: Factors Affecting GI Absorption01:19

Drug Absorption: Factors Affecting GI Absorption

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The process of oral drug absorption can be influenced by several factors. Weakly acidic drugs tend to be absorbed more readily from the stomach due to their nonionized state. However, absorption may be less efficient in the upper intestine, where drugs are often ionized. Interestingly, despite the stomach's apparent advantage for drug absorption, its mucous layer can hinder diffusion. Its surface area is also smaller than the intestine's, which can further slow down the absorption rate.
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Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS01:21

Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS

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Pharmacological therapies for IBS-C are designed to alleviate abdominal discomfort and enhance bowel function. In patients with IBS-C, fiber supplements may help soften stools and decrease straining, but may also lead to increased gas production and bloating. Osmotic laxatives like milk of magnesia are frequently used to soften stools and increase stool frequency in IBS-C patients. In addition, two drugs approved for use in severe IBS-C adult cases are linaclotide (Linzess) and lubiprostone...
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Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD

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Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide...
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Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents

755
Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel...
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Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids01:21

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids

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Glucocorticoids, a class of anti-inflammatory drugs, are pivotal in treating moderate to severe Crohn's disease by inducing remission. They exhibit their anti-inflammatory action by inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1, and chemokines like IL-8. In addition, they reduce the expression of inflammatory cell adhesion molecules and inhibit gene transcription of nitric oxide synthase, phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenase-2...
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Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Disease States and Pharmacology01:25

Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Disease States and Pharmacology

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Multiple disease states can significantly influence the oral drug absorption process by affecting blood flow and the functionality of the gastrointestinal (GI) system. Various GI diseases, including conditions that alter GI motility, such as diarrhea, decreased acid secretions (achlorhydria), and infections, have been associated with reduced drug absorption.
Substances such as alcohol and specific drugs, including antineoplastics, can also negatively impact drug absorption. For instance,...
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Updated: May 1, 2026

Murine Colitis Modeling using Dextran Sulfate Sodium DSS
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Prednisolone absorption in acute colitis

P R Elliott, J Powell-Tuck, P E Gillespie

    Gut
    |January 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Prednisolone absorption was delayed in patients with severe acute colitis compared to healthy individuals, despite similar overall absorption. This suggests altered drug processing in colitis patients.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pharmacokinetics
    • Gastroenterology
    • Inflammatory Bowel Disease

    Background:

    • Severe acute colitis impacts drug absorption and disposition.
    • Understanding prednisolone pharmacokinetics is crucial for effective treatment.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate oral prednisolone absorption in patients with severe acute colitis.
    • To compare prednisolone plasma levels and absorption in colitis patients versus healthy subjects.

    Main Methods:

    • Administered a 40 mg oral dose of prednisolone to six patients with severe acute colitis and six healthy controls.
    • Measured and compared peak plasma levels and total absorption of prednisolone.
    • Monitored plasma albumin levels to assess potential dilutional effects.

    Main Results:

    • Peak plasma prednisolone levels were lower in colitis patients than in normal subjects.
    • Total prednisolone absorption appeared similar between the two groups.
    • A dilutional fall in plasma albumin was observed in both groups post-dose.

    Conclusions:

    • Prednisolone absorption may be delayed in patients with severe acute colitis.
    • The findings highlight potential pharmacokinetic alterations in acute colitis.
    • Further research is warranted to confirm delayed absorption and its clinical implications.