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Related Concept Videos

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)01:27

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) serves as the primary classification system for mental health disorders, providing standardized diagnostic criteria for clinicians and researchers. First published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in 1952, the DSM has undergone several revisions to reflect evolving psychiatric understanding. The fifth edition, DSM-5, released in 2013, introduced key updates that expanded diagnostic categories and modified diagnostic...
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder01:28

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental health condition characterized by recurrent obsessions, compulsions, or both, which consume significant time and interfere with daily functioning. Obsessions involve persistent, intrusive, and unwanted thoughts, images, or urges that evoke anxiety. Common examples include irrational fears of contamination or harm. Compulsions are repetitive behaviors or mental acts performed to reduce the anxiety caused by obsessions. For instance, individuals...
Positive Symptoms Schizophrenia: Hallucinations and Delusions01:26

Positive Symptoms Schizophrenia: Hallucinations and Delusions

Schizophrenia is a complex psychiatric disorder characterized by a range of symptoms that significantly impact cognition, behavior, and emotional regulation. Among these, the positive symptoms stand out as they involve the addition or exaggeration of normal mental functions, deviating markedly from typical behavior and perception. Hallucinations and delusions are prominent positive symptoms, each profoundly affecting the individual's experience of reality.
Hallucinations
Hallucinations in...
Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia: Hallucinations and Delusions01:30

Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia: Hallucinations and Delusions

Schizophrenia is a complex mental health disorder that can manifest with various positive symptoms, including thought, movement, and behavior disorders. These symptoms significantly disrupt cognitive and motor functions, leading to profound effects on an individual's ability to engage with the world.
Thought Disorders
Disorganized and unusual thought processes mark thought disorders in schizophrenia. One key feature is disorganized speech, where an individual's conversation includes loosely...
Oppositional Defiant Disorder01:30

Oppositional Defiant Disorder

A persistent pattern of angry or irritable mood, defiant behavior, or vindictiveness characterizes Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Symptoms must occur over at least six months, involve interactions with individuals beyond siblings, and meet specific diagnostic criteria to be clinically significant. The disorder affects emotional regulation, social interactions, and behavior, often manifesting early in life and influencing long-term development and functioning.
Diagnostic Criteria and...
Conduct Disorder01:28

Conduct Disorder

Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 26, 2026

Marble Burying and Nestlet Shredding as Tests of Repetitive, Compulsive-like Behaviors in Mice
06:50

Marble Burying and Nestlet Shredding as Tests of Repetitive, Compulsive-like Behaviors in Mice

Published on: December 24, 2013

Cacodemonomania and exorcism in children

E Schendel, R F Kourany

    The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry
    |April 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary

    Alleged demonic possession in children, though popular in media, is rarely studied scientifically. This phenomenon likely represents a variant of folie à deux, suggesting a role for religious consultants in treatment.

    Area of Science:

    • Psychiatry
    • Child Psychology
    • Cultural Psychiatry

    Background:

    • Demonic possession is a culturally significant phenomenon, often sensationalized in popular media.
    • Scientific literature has largely overlooked alleged cases of childhood demonic possession.
    • Understanding the psychological underpinnings of such beliefs is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment.

    Observation:

    • Presents five distinct cases of alleged demonic possession in children.
    • Details the clinical presentation and family dynamics within these cases.
    • Highlights the limited scientific inquiry into this specific manifestation.

    Findings:

    • The phenomenon is hypothesized to be a variant of folie à deux (shared psychosis).
    • Suggests that the alleged possession may stem from shared delusional beliefs within a dyad or group.

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  • Indicates a potential psychological explanation rather than supernatural causation.

    • Implications:

    • Recommends the inclusion of religious consultants in the multidisciplinary treatment team.
    • Advocates for a psychodynamic or systemic approach to understanding and managing these cases.
    • Encourages further scientific research into culturally bound syndromes and shared psychotic disorders.