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Studies on the poxvirus Cotia

J J Esposito, E L Palmer, E C Borden

    The Journal of General Virology
    |March 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Cotia virus, a poxvirus, shares morphogenesis with other mammalian poxviruses. Serological and biochemical analyses suggest it is related to myxoma and fibroma viruses, distinct from vaccinia virus.

    Area of Science:

    • Virology
    • Molecular Biology
    • Cell Biology

    Background:

    • Poxviruses are a diverse group of large, double-stranded DNA viruses with complex replication cycles.
    • Understanding the classification and relationships between different poxvirus species is crucial for virological research and potential therapeutic development.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To characterize the poxvirus Cotia through detailed morphological, serological, and biochemical analyses.
    • To determine the relationship of Cotia virus to other known mammalian poxviruses, specifically vaccinia, myxoma, and fibroma viruses.

    Main Methods:

    • Electron microscopy was used to examine thin-sectioned infected Vero cells, observing Cotia virus morphogenesis.
    • Serological analyses, including complement fixation tests with purified Cotia virions, were performed.

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  • Biochemical analyses involved gradient polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of structural proteins and agarose gel electrophoresis of DNA fragments after restriction endonuclease digestion.

    • Main Results:

    • Cotia virus morphogenesis in Vero cells was similar to other mammalian poxviruses, with unique cytoplasmic filamentous structures and inclusion matrices observed.
    • Complement fixation tests revealed a reciprocal cross-reaction between Cotia virus and rabbit myxoma virus, but no cross-reaction with vaccinia virus.
    • Electropherograms of structural proteins and DNA cleavage fragments indicated that Cotia virus is serologically and biochemically related to myxoma and fibroma viruses, with each virus exhibiting a unique DNA profile.

    Conclusions:

    • Cotia virus exhibits a poxvirus-like morphogenesis.
    • Cotia virus is distinct from vaccinia virus but shares serological and biochemical similarities with myxoma and fibroma viruses.
    • The unique DNA gel profiles confirm the distinct genetic identity of Cotia virus within the Poxviridae family.