Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy. A case report

Area of Science:

• Pathology
• Immunology
• Dermatology

Background:

• Sinus histiocytosis, also known as Rosai-Dorfman disease, is a rare benign proliferative disorder of histiocytes.
• First described in 1969, it is characterized by massive, painless lymphadenopathy, typically cervical.

Observation:

• A case of sinus histiocytosis is reported in a patient presenting with bilateral cervical adenopathy.
• The adenopathy was large, painless, and regressed completely over a 16-month period.
• Histological examination of lymph node biopsy revealed sinuses distended with foamy histiocytes.

Findings:

• The lymph node architecture was distorted by a significant increase in plasma cells within the intervening lymphoid tissue.
• The histological findings of foamy histiocytes and plasma cell infiltration are characteristic of sinus histiocytosis.

Implications:

• This case highlights the importance of accurate pathological diagnosis for rare conditions like sinus histiocytosis.
• The spontaneous regression observed in this case may offer insights into the natural course of the disease.
• Understanding the histological features is crucial for differentiating sinus histiocytosis from other lymphoproliferative disorders.