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Antithrombin III patterns in disseminated intravascular coagulation

R L Bick, M D Bick, L F Fekete

    American Journal of Clinical Pathology
    |April 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary

    Early decreases in antithrombin III (AT-III) signal disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Monitoring AT-III consumption effectively tracks treatment efficacy for DIC, even with heparin therapy.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Hematology
    • Clinical Medicine

    Background:

    • Antithrombin III (AT-III) is a key inhibitor of thrombin and other serine proteases in blood coagulation.
    • Irreversible inhibition suggests AT-III consumption during pathological intravascular coagulation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate a new assay for monitoring antithrombin III (AT-III) levels in disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).
    • To determine if AT-III levels can serve as a diagnostic marker for DIC.
    • To assess the utility of AT-III monitoring in evaluating the efficacy of DIC therapy.

    Main Methods:

    • Developed a novel assay for antithrombin III (AT-III) unaffected by heparin or fibrinolytic products.
    • Monitored AT-III levels before and during therapy in 38 patients with acute or chronic disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).

    Main Results:

    • Significant early decreases in AT-III were observed in patients with DIC.
    • AT-III consumption cessation indicated effective therapy in stopping the clotting process.
    • The assay proved useful for monitoring heparin therapy efficacy in DIC.
    • Both mini-heparin and high-dose heparin were equally effective in correcting DIC abnormalities and hemorrhage.

    Conclusions:

    • Early AT-III level monitoring is a valuable diagnostic tool for DIC.
    • AT-III consumption monitoring effectively assesses therapeutic response in DIC.
    • The developed assay is suitable for monitoring heparin therapy in DIC patients.

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