Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Phenytoin kinetics in children

W E Dodson

    Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
    |May 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Pediatric patients on phenytoin showed minimal serum level changes with 12-hour dosing. Higher average phenytoin levels correlated with reduced fluctuations, indicating nonlinear elimination.

    Related Concept Videos

    You might also read

    Related Articles

    Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

    Sort by
    Same author

    Randomized dose-controlled study of topiramate as first-line therapy in epilepsy.

    Acta neurologica Scandinavica·2005
    Same author

    Ganaxolone for treating intractable infantile spasms: a multicenter, open-label, add-on trial.

    Epilepsy research·2000
    Same author

    Transparahippocampal selective amygdalohippocampectomy in children and adolescents: efficacy of the procedure and cognitive morbidity in patients.

    Journal of neurosurgery·2000
    Same author

    Subtemporal transparahippocampal amygdalohippocampectomy for surgical treatment of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Technical note.

    Journal of neurosurgery·1996
    Same author

    Epilepsy in children.

    Bailliere's clinical neurology·1996
    Same author

    Pharmacology and therapeutic aspects of antiepileptic drugs in pediatrics.

    Journal of child neurology·1994

    Area of Science:

    • Pharmacology
    • Pediatric Medicine
    • Clinical Pharmacy

    Background:

    • Phenytoin is an antiepileptic drug commonly prescribed for infants and children.
    • Understanding drug concentration variability is crucial for optimizing therapeutic efficacy and minimizing toxicity in pediatric populations.
    • Nonlinear elimination kinetics can lead to unpredictable serum drug levels if not properly managed.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the pharmacokinetic profile of oral phenytoin in pediatric patients.
    • To assess the variability of serum phenytoin levels over a 12-hour dosing interval.
    • To correlate average serum phenytoin concentrations with the degree of fluctuation.

    Main Methods:

    • Serum phenytoin levels were measured in infants and children at 4-hour intervals after oral administration every 12 hours.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Pharmacokinetic parameters, including serum level fluctuations, were analyzed.
  • The relationship between average drug levels and variability was examined.

    • Main Results:

    • Pediatric patients exhibited relatively small fluctuations in serum phenytoin levels when dosed every 12 hours.
    • Increased average serum phenytoin concentrations were associated with reduced relative fluctuations.
    • Serum levels measured 8 hours post-dose demonstrated the least variability, averaging 104% of the 12-hour mean.

    Conclusions:

    • Oral phenytoin dosing every 12 hours in children results in manageable serum level variability.
    • The observed reduction in fluctuation with higher average levels supports nonlinear elimination kinetics for phenytoin in this population.
    • Targeting specific post-dose measurement times, such as 8 hours, may provide a representative assessment of therapeutic phenytoin levels in pediatric patients.