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Lymph node dissection in malignant melanoma

C P Karakousis, L Stahl, R Moore

    Journal of Surgical Oncology
    |January 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary

    Regional node dissection significantly impacts malignant melanoma survival rates. Patients with negative nodes show 90% survival, while those with enlarged nodes have only 15% survival, highlighting the importance of lymph node status in melanoma prognosis.

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    Area of Science:

    • Oncology
    • Surgical Oncology

    Background:

    • Malignant melanoma is a significant health concern.
    • Regional lymph node status is a critical prognostic factor in melanoma.
    • Lymph node dissection is a common surgical procedure for staging and treatment.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the survival outcomes based on lymph node status in patients with malignant melanoma.
    • To assess the morbidity associated with regional lymph node dissection, specifically focusing on inguinal dissections.
    • To determine the incidence of wound complications following various types of node dissections.

    Main Methods:

    • A retrospective analysis of 120 patients with malignant melanoma who underwent regional node dissection.
    • Classification of patients based on clinical lymph node status (negative vs. enlarged).
    • Documentation of wound infection and skin edge necrosis rates for all dissections and specifically for inguinal dissections.

    Main Results:

    • Patients with clinically negative lymph nodes demonstrated a 90% survival rate.
    • Patients with enlarged lymph nodes had a significantly lower survival rate of 15%.
    • Inguinal dissections (n=45) showed low complication rates: 4.5% infection and 6.5% skin edge necrosis. Overall wound infection was 5.8%, and skin edge necrosis was 5%.

    Conclusions:

    • Regional node dissection is crucial for determining prognosis in malignant melanoma.
    • The presence of enlarged lymph nodes is associated with poor survival outcomes.
    • Regional lymph node dissection, including inguinal dissections, can be performed with acceptable low morbidity and wound complication rates.

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