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[Glomerulonephritis following snake bite]

F Schabel, G Mitterstieler, S Nirk

    Padiatrie Und Padologie
    |January 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Snake bites can cause bleeding disorders and kidney problems. Rarely, a European viper bite led to glomerulonephritis, an immune complex-related kidney inflammation, in a child, with full recovery.

    Area of Science:

    • Nephrology
    • Toxicology
    • Immunology

    Background:

    • Snake bites frequently cause hemorrhagic symptoms, including hypofibrinogenemia and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).
    • Acute renal insufficiency with tubular necrosis is a rare complication of snake envenomation, often linked to direct toxicity, shock, or DIC.
    • Glomerulonephritis following a snake bite is exceptionally uncommon.

    Observation:

    • A 13-year-old girl presented with gross hematuria, albuminuria, and cylindruria two days post-European viper bite.
    • The patient exhibited no shock symptoms; coagulation and complement levels showed minor alterations.
    • Histological examination revealed proliferative nephritis characterized by immune complex deposition.

    Findings:

    • The case demonstrates an extremely rare instance of glomerulonephritis triggered by a European viper bite.

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  • The patient's clinical presentation mimicked recurrent hematuria.
  • Renal function remained normal during a one-year follow-up period.

    • Implications:

    • This case highlights a rare but serious renal complication of snake envenomation, emphasizing the need for vigilance.
    • Understanding the immunopathological mechanisms is crucial for managing such rare adverse events.
    • The findings contribute to the literature on snakebite-induced nephropathies, particularly immune-mediated glomerulonephritis.