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Availability of diazepam from plastic containers

J C Cloyd, C Vezeau, K W Miller

    American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy
    |April 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Plastic intravenous containers and administration sets significantly reduce diazepam availability. Storing or infusing diazepam solutions with these plastic materials leads to substantial drug concentration loss, impacting therapeutic efficacy.

    Area of Science:

    • Pharmacology
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Intravenous drug administration requires careful consideration of drug-container interactions.
    • Plastic materials, particularly polyvinyl chloride (PVC), are widely used in intravenous fluid and drug delivery systems.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of plastic intravenous containers and volume-control administration sets on the availability of diazepam.
    • To quantify the reduction in diazepam concentration due to storage and infusion through plastic components.

    Main Methods:

    • Diazepam solutions were prepared in dextrose 5% in water and 0.9% sodium chloride.
    • Solutions were stored in plastic burette chambers and PVC bags.
    • Diazepam concentration was measured spectrophotometrically after storage and infusion through plastic administration sets.

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    Main Results:

    • Diazepam concentration significantly decreased in burette chambers within two hours (p < 0.05).
    • A ~55% reduction in diazepam concentration was observed after infusion through administration sets (p < 0.0005) and after two hours in PVC bags.
    • Significant drug recovery was found in the administration sets (~24%) and PVC bags (49-56%), with no detection in filters.

    Conclusions:

    • Plastic intravenous containers and administration sets significantly reduce diazepam concentration.
    • The use of plastic components in diazepam administration can lead to substantial drug loss, potentially affecting patient treatment.