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Cholinergic nerves in the thyroid gland

F Amenta, D Caporuscio, F Ferrante

    Cell and Tissue Research
    |December 28, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
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    The human thyroid gland receives cholinergic nerve fibers, indicating autonomic nervous system control over thyroid endocrine activity. These nerves are found in blood vessels and surrounding thyroid follicles.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroendocrinology
    • Autonomic Nervous System Research
    • Thyroid Gland Physiology

    Background:

    • The autonomic nervous system's role in regulating endocrine glands is complex.
    • Cholinergic innervation specifically within the human thyroid gland requires further elucidation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the presence and distribution of cholinergic nerve fibers in the human thyroid gland.
    • To determine if the thyroid gland's endocrine activity is influenced by the autonomic nervous system.

    Main Methods:

    • Histochemical staining for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) to identify cholinergic nerve fibers.
    • Microscopic examination of human thyroid tissue, including arterial walls and glandular follicles.

    Main Results:

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    • AChE-positive nerve fibers were identified in the human thyroid gland.
    • These cholinergic fibers form superficial (adventitial) and deep (medial) plexuses within the thyroid artery wall.
    • Cholinergic nerve fibers are also present within the glandular tissue, surrounding and between thyroid follicles.

    Conclusions:

    • The human thyroid gland exhibits significant cholinergic innervation.
    • Autonomic nervous system, specifically the cholinergic system, likely plays a role in regulating human thyroid endocrine function.