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Migraine precipitated by head trauma in athletes
The American Journal of Sports Medicine
|May 1, 1980
Summary
Minor head trauma in athletes can trigger migraine symptoms, often without amnesia. These episodes, characterized by neurological deficits followed by headaches, require careful evaluation for safe return to sports.
Area of Science:
- Sports Medicine
- Neurology
- Athletic Performance
Background:
- Migraine is common but often overlooked in sports medicine.
- Head trauma in athletes can precipitate migraine-like symptoms.
- Distinguishing sport-related migraines from serious neurological events is crucial.
Observation:
- Minor head trauma, often without amnesia, triggers symptoms.
- A symptom-free interval precedes neurological deficits (visual, motor, sensory, brainstem).
- Attacks typically last 15-30 minutes, followed by headache, nausea, and vomiting.
Findings:
- Nine of eleven athletes experienced recurrent episodes with subsequent head trauma.
- Only four athletes reported spontaneous episodes, suggesting underreporting.
- Antimigrainous drug prophylaxis is not indicated.
Implications:
- Neurologic evaluation is key for determining future participation in contact sports.
- Long-term sequelae of repeated episodes remain unknown.
- Recognizing sport-induced migraines is vital for athlete safety and management.