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Staphylococcus aureus in rural drinking water

M W LeChevallier, R J Seidler

    Applied and Environmental Microbiology
    |April 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Staphylococcus aureus, a common bacterium, was found in over 6% of rural drinking water samples, particularly well water. This pathogen, sometimes producing enterotoxin A, was also frequently detected on faucet aerator screens.

    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Environmental Science
    • Public Health

    Background:

    • Bacterial contamination of drinking water poses a significant public health risk.
    • Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic pathogen that can cause various infections.
    • Rural drinking water sources, especially private wells, may be susceptible to contamination.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus in rural drinking water.
    • To determine the association between S. aureus and coliform bacteria.
    • To identify potential sources of S. aureus contamination in households.

    Main Methods:

    • Collection and microbiological analysis of 320 rural drinking water specimens.
    • Isolation and identification of coagulase-positive Staphylococcus species.

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  • Testing for the presence of enterotoxin A production in S. aureus strains.
  • Examination of faucet aerator screens for S. aureus presence.

    • Main Results:

    • Coagulase-positive Staphylococcus aureus was detected in over 6% of the water samples.
    • Well water was the most frequently contaminated source.
    • No correlation was observed between S. aureus and coliform bacteria.
    • Enterotoxin A-producing S. aureus strains were found in 40% of positive samples.
    • Faucet aerator screens were identified as common reservoirs for high S. aureus densities.

    Conclusions:

    • Rural drinking water, particularly well water, can be a source of Staphylococcus aureus.
    • The absence of correlation with coliforms suggests S. aureus may indicate different contamination pathways.
    • Faucet aerator screens represent a significant household-level source of S. aureus, potentially contributing to exposure.