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Immune dysfunction in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

S H Advani, K A Dinshaw, C N Nair

    Cancer
    |June 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma exhibit diminished immune responses to Dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) and recall antigens. This immune dysfunction, particularly T-cell impairment, is evident even in pre-malignant conditions like angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy (AIL).

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Oncology
    • Dermatology

    Background:

    • Immune dysfunction is frequently observed in lymphoproliferative disorders, where malignant cells arise from the immune system.
    • Assessing immune responses can provide insights into the pathogenesis of these conditions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate immune dysfunction in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) and angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy (AIL).
    • To evaluate the correlation between immune response, lymphoma type, and disease extent.

    Main Methods:

    • Skin testing with Dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) and six recall antigens.
    • Comparison of skin reactivity between NHL patients and control subjects.
    • Assessment of skin test responses in relation to lymphoma histology and disease stage.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Evaluation of serum immunoglobulin levels.

    • Main Results:

    • Patients with NHL showed significantly diminished reactivity to DNCB and recall antigens compared to controls (P < 0.005).
    • Skin reactivity loss increased with lymphoma differentiation (well-differentiated to histiocytic types).
    • Generalized disease was associated with greater depression of delayed hypersensitivity than localized disease.
    • Seven out of eight AIL patients exhibited negative skin test responses, indicating T-cell dysfunction in this preneoplastic condition.

    Conclusions:

    • T-cell dysfunction is a prominent feature in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and may precede lymphoma development, as seen in AIL.
    • The observed immunodeficiency in AIL suggests it could be a prerequisite for lymphoma development.
    • Serum immunoglobulin alterations, particularly IgG, appear secondary to the underlying malignancy rather than directly related to histology or disease extent.