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Cardiovascular changes during varied thermal stress

U C Rai, P Ambwany

    Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
    |April 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study investigated how heat stress affects dogs. High temperatures (45-50°C) caused cardiovascular collapse, indicating significant heat injury, while 40°C showed increased physiological functions without failure.

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    Area of Science:

    • Physiology
    • Environmental Health

    Background:

    • Thermal stress poses significant risks to mammalian physiology.
    • Understanding the cardiovascular response to extreme heat is crucial for predicting heat injury.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the physiological effects of acute thermal stress on mongrel dogs.
    • To identify critical physiological indicators of heat injury.

    Main Methods:

    • Mongrel dogs were exposed to ambient temperatures of 40, 45, and 50 degrees C.
    • Cardiovascular parameters including cardiac output, heart rate, oxygen consumption, stroke volume, and mean arterial pressure were monitored.
    • Exposure duration varied up to 6 hours depending on temperature.

    Main Results:

    • At 40°C, dogs showed increased cardiac output, heart rate, and oxygen consumption without cardiovascular failure.
    • At 45°C, hyperdynamic circulation occurred initially, followed by a sharp decline in oxygen consumption, cardiac output, stroke volume, and mean arterial pressure.
    • At 50°C, rapid cardiovascular collapse and death occurred within 60 minutes.

    Conclusions:

    • A sudden decrease in oxygen consumption, cardiac output, stroke volume, and mean arterial pressure serves as a key indicator of significant heat injury.
    • The severity of thermal stress directly correlates with the degree of cardiovascular dysfunction and mortality.
    • This study provides a physiological basis for understanding and potentially predicting heat-related illness in mammals.

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