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Experimental Yersinia enterocolitica enteritis in rabbits

C H Pai, V Mors, T A Seemayer

    Infection and Immunity
    |April 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary

    Clinical Yersinia enterocolitica infection in rabbits causes diarrhea and intestinal damage. Non-enterotoxigenic strains from fish did not cause illness, indicating virulence factors are key.

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    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Microbiology
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Gastroenterology

    Background:

    • Yersinia enterocolitica is a significant foodborne pathogen.
    • Understanding its pathogenesis in animal models is crucial for public health.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the infectivity and pathogenicity of Yersinia enterocolitica in a rabbit model.
    • To determine the role of specific virulence factors in Y. enterocolitica infection.

    Main Methods:

    • Young rabbits were orogastrically inoculated with clinical Yersinia enterocolitica isolates (serotype O:3).
    • Inoculum size, clinical signs, bacterial colonization, seroconversion, and histopathological changes were assessed.
    • A non-enterotoxigenic Y. enterocolitica isolate (serotype O:6,30) was used as a control.

    Main Results:

    • Diarrhea developed in 87% of rabbits inoculated with the clinical isolate, with onset around 5.4 days.
    • Infectious dose (50% infectious dose) was determined to be 2.9 x 10^8 bacteria.
    • Histopathological analysis revealed inflammatory changes, including crypt abscesses, primarily in the ilea.
    • The control group inoculated with the fish isolate showed no signs of infection.

    Conclusions:

    • Clinical Yersinia enterocolitica (serotype O:3) is infectious and pathogenic in rabbits, causing diarrhea and characteristic intestinal lesions.
    • Virulence factors, such as enterotoxin production and HeLa cell invasiveness, are critical for Y. enterocolitica pathogenicity.
    • The rabbit model is suitable for studying Yersinia enterocolitica infections.

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