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Amoxicillin in paediatrics, with special reference to its excretion into bronchial secretion
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, Therapy, and Toxicology
|April 1, 1980
Summary
Pharmacokinetic studies show amoxicillin achieves good levels in neonates and prematures. Recommended dosages for broncho-pulmonary diseases ensure effective amoxicillin concentrations in bronchial secretions.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Pharmacology
- Respiratory Medicine
- Antibiotic Pharmacokinetics
Background:
- Amoxicillin is frequently used for respiratory tract infections due to its favorable absorption, tissue penetration, and tolerance.
- Limited pharmacokinetic data exists for amoxicillin in neonates and premature infants, necessitating further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate amoxicillin pharmacokinetics in neonates and premature infants.
- To assess amoxicillin concentrations in bronchial secretions of pediatric patients with broncho-pulmonary diseases.
Main Methods:
- Pharmacokinetic analysis of amoxicillin in neonates and prematures.
- Collection and analysis of bronchial secretions via bronchoscopy in 88 children across different age groups.
- Measurement of amoxicillin concentrations in bronchial secretions at various time points post-administration.
Main Results:
- Amoxicillin achieved concentrations up to 5 mcg/ml in neonates with 50 mg/kg daily doses.
- Amoxicillin was detected in meconium, with variable quantities.
- Significant amoxicillin levels were found in bronchial secretions, particularly 2-4 hours after the last dose, though values were widely scattered.
Conclusions:
- Amoxicillin demonstrates good pharmacokinetic properties in neonates and prematures.
- Recommended dosages of 50-100 mg/kg are suggested for treating broncho-pulmonary diseases in children to achieve adequate bronchial secretion levels.