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Hazardous solid waste from metallurgical industries

R P Leonard

    Environmental Health Perspectives
    |December 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Metal smelting and refining generate hazardous land-disposed residuals like slags and sludges. Proper management and innovative technologies are crucial for environmental protection and resource recovery from these industrial wastes.

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    Area of Science:

    • Environmental Science
    • Industrial Ecology
    • Geochemistry

    Background:

    • Metal smelting and refining industries produce significant land-disposed residuals.
    • These residuals, including slags, sludges, and dusts, pose potential environmental and health hazards.
    • The primary copper industry serves as a case study for understanding residual origins and disposition.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To describe types, origins, and quantities of land-disposed residuals from metal smelting and refining.
    • To assess the hazard potential of these industrial residuals.
    • To evaluate current and potential technologies for residual treatment, disposal, and resource recovery.

    Main Methods:

    • Quantification of residuals per unit of metal production for various industries.

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  • Hazard potential assessment of land-disposed materials.
  • Review and assessment of existing and novel treatment and disposal technologies.
  • Analysis of heavy metal and fluoride attenuation in soils.

    • Main Results:

    • Data provided on quantities of slags, sludges, and dusts generated by primary and secondary metal industries.
    • Hazard potential assessments indicate risks associated with residual constituents.
    • Effectiveness of technologies like lined lagoons, chemical fixation, and ground sealing for water contamination protection.
    • Demonstrated attenuation of heavy metal ions and fluorides in specific soil environments.

    Conclusions:

    • Careful consideration of leachability and mobility of constituents is essential for setting disposal requirements.
    • Resource recovery from smelting and refining residuals presents viable economic and environmental opportunities.
    • Integrated approaches combining waste management, hazard mitigation, and resource recovery are necessary for sustainable industrial practices.