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Immune complexes and reticuloendothelial system function in human disease

T J Lawley

    The Journal of Investigative Dermatology
    |May 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Defective reticuloendothelial system Fc-receptor function may contribute to tissue damage in autoimmune diseases. Impaired clearance of immune complexes correlates with disease severity in systemic lupus erythematosus but not Sjogren's syndrome.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Rheumatology

    Background:

    • Circulating immune complexes are implicated in autoimmune diseases like systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and Sjogren's syndrome.
    • The reticuloendothelial system (RES), particularly Fc-receptors, plays a role in clearing immune complexes.
    • Dysfunction in RES Fc-receptors may influence disease pathogenesis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the relationship between circulating immune complexes and RES Fc-receptor function in SLE and Sjogren's syndrome patients.
    • To determine if RES Fc-receptor function correlates with disease activity or extent in these conditions.

    Main Methods:

    • Quantification of circulating immune complexes using 125I-Clq binding assay and Raji cell radioimmune assay.
    • Assessment of RES Fc-receptor function via clearance rates of IgG-sensitized, 51Cr-labeled autologous erythrocytes.

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  • Correlation analysis between immune complex levels, Fc-receptor function, and clinical manifestations.

    • Main Results:

    • Both SLE and Sjogren's syndrome patients exhibited high prevalence of circulating immune complexes.
    • Abnormal RES Fc-receptor function was observed in a subset of patients from both disease groups.
    • A strong correlation between immune complex levels and impaired clearance was found in SLE patients.
    • No correlation was observed between immune complexes and clearance rates in Sjogren's syndrome patients.
    • In Sjogren's syndrome, abnormal clearance was associated with more widespread tissue damage compared to normal clearance.

    Conclusions:

    • Defective RES Fc-receptor function may lead to prolonged circulation of immune complexes, potentially contributing to tissue damage.
    • In SLE, impaired RES function appears directly linked to increased immune complex burden and disease severity.
    • In Sjogren's syndrome, RES dysfunction might be a marker for more severe, systemic disease rather than a direct cause of immune complex accumulation.