[Visceral leishmaniasis in childhood (author's transl)]

Authors present six cases of kala-azar in children under six years of age observed in the province of Seville, during a three year period. Ethiologic, clinical, evolutive and therapeutic aspects of this illness are analized. Two of the patients presented jaundice, in which a liver-spleen scan was performed and nothing else but the hepato-splenomegaly was found, as it was described in a previous case. Importance of visualizing leishmanias by bone marrow puncture for a true diagnosis is remarked.