Branching of microvilli in the human conjunctival epithelium

Biopsy specimens were obtained from the upper tarsal and limbal conjunctivae of ten normal persons and from the upper tarsal conjunctivae of five asymptomatic contact lens wearers and five patients with giant papillary conjunctivitis (GPC) associated with contact lens wear. The microvillar surface of the conjunctival epithelium was studied by transmission and scanning electron microscopy. Branches often stemmed from the side of a straight tubular microvillus and formed an acute angle with the main process. Branches sprouted at various distances from the origin of the microvillus. The most common branching pattern was the bifurcated (bifid) form. Occasionally, both primary and secondary bifurcations were primary and secondary bifurcations were observed on the same microvillus. Some microvilli were branched in the normal conjunctivae, but the conjunctivae of asymptomatic contact lens wearers and patients with GPC had more branched microvilli and greater polymorphism, which correlated with the degree of alteration. This report demonstrates the presence of branched microvilli and describes the types seen in normal conjunctivae and compares the frequency with which branched microvilli are seen in altered conjunctival surfaces.