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Pathological and pathophysiological study on intestinal lymphatic system in fat absorption

M Tsuchiya, H Asakura, S Miura

    Gastroenterologia Japonica
    |January 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Intestinal lymphatic dilatation is linked to fat malabsorption in liver cirrhosis and protein-losing enteropathy. Impaired lymphatic flow causes fat buildup in cells and lymphatics, impacting nutrient absorption.

    Area of Science:

    • Gastroenterology
    • Pathophysiology
    • Lymphatic System Research

    Background:

    • Intestinal lymphatics play a crucial role in fat absorption and transport.
    • Diseases like liver cirrhosis, Behçet's disease, and protein-losing enteropathy can affect lymphatic function.
    • Understanding lymphatic pathophysiology is key to addressing malabsorption disorders.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the pathological and pathophysiological changes in intestinal lymphatics.
    • To correlate lymphatic abnormalities with fat malabsorption in various clinical and experimental conditions.
    • To elucidate the functional unit of fat transportation within the intestinal lymphatic system.

    Main Methods:

    • Clinical jejunal biopsy analysis in patients with liver cirrhosis, Behçet's disease, and protein-losing enteropathy.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Lymphangiographic studies to visualize lymphatic abnormalities.
  • Experimental studies using McKee dogs with induced lymphatic blockade.
  • Colchicine administration in rats to study cellular fat accumulation.

    • Main Results:

    • Marked dilatation of intestinal lymphatics observed in liver cirrhosis, Behçet's disease, and protein-losing enteropathy.
    • Abnormal lymphangiographic findings consistent with lymphatic dysfunction in these diseases.
    • McKee dogs with lymphatic blockade exhibited significant fat malabsorption.
    • Mechanical blockade of the thoracic duct led to fat accumulation in absorptive cells and lymphatics.
    • Colchicine treatment in rats resulted in intracellular fat accumulation and amorphous substances in lymphatics instead of chylomicrons.

    Conclusions:

    • Intestinal lymphatic dilatation is a significant pathological finding in several gastrointestinal diseases.
    • Impaired lymphatic flow, whether pathological or mechanical, directly leads to fat malabsorption.
    • The intestinal tract from cells to the thoracic duct functions as an integrated unit for fat absorption.