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Related Concept Videos

Other Disorders of Digestive System01:30

Other Disorders of Digestive System

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The gastrointestinal tract is susceptible to various disorders. If the lower esophageal sphincter is damaged, stomach acid can flow back into the esophagus, causing irritation and inflammation of the lining. This condition is called gastroesophageal reflux disease (known as heartburn) and may cause chest pain and difficulty swallowing. In the stomach, prolonged use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like aspirin, chronic alcohol consumption, bacterial infections such as Helicobacter...
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Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology01:17

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Gastritis is marked by disruption of the mucosal barrier that usually protects the stomach tissue from digestive juices and manifests in acute and chronic forms.
In acute gastritis, the gastric mucosa becomes swollen and red and undergoes superficial erosion. Superficial ulceration may lead to bleeding.
In chronic gastritis, persistent or repeated insults lead to chronic inflammatory changes and, eventually, thinning or atrophy of the gastric tissue.
Gastritis can stem from various causes, each...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by...
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Esophageal Achalasia01:27

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Esophageal achalasia is a chronic neurogenic disorder characterized by impaired relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) and absent or ineffective peristalsis in the distal esophagus. This leads to a functional obstruction without a physical blockage, despite significant disruption of esophageal motility.EtiologyAchalasia is caused by degeneration of the myenteric (Auerbach's) plexus, specifically the loss of inhibitory ganglion cells that produce vasoactive intestinal peptide...
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Gastritis II: Pathophysiology01:26

Gastritis II: Pathophysiology

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The pathophysiology of gastritis begins with the colonization of the stomach lining by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). This bacterium spreads mainly via the oral-oral route through saliva or shared utensils, and can also be transmitted in overcrowded or unhygienic environments through contaminated water, despite its brief survival outside the body.ColonizationOnce ingested, H. pylori enters the stomach and begins colonization by navigating through the mucus layer lining the stomach wall. It...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease01:25

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease

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Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 4, 2026

Recognition of Epidermal Transglutaminase by IgA and Tissue Transglutaminase 2 Antibodies in a Rare Case of Rhesus Dermatitis
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Coeliac disease associated with recurrent aphthae

M M Ferguson, D Wray, H A Carmichael

    Gut
    |March 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary

    Recurrent aphthae may indicate nutritional deficiencies or undiagnosed coeliac disease. A gluten-free diet can resolve aphthae in coeliac patients, but biopsies are only recommended if malabsorption is evident.

    Area of Science:

    • Gastroenterology
    • Immunology
    • Nutrition Science

    Background:

    • Recurrent aphthae are common oral lesions.
    • Potential links between aphthous stomatitis, nutritional deficiencies, and celiac disease are suggested.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the prevalence of nutritional deficiencies and celiac disease in patients with recurrent aphthae.
    • To assess the impact of a gluten-free diet on aphthae in patients with coeliac disease.

    Main Methods:

    • Prospective investigation of 50 patients with recurrent aphthae.
    • Screening for nutritional deficiencies.
    • Diagnostic evaluation for coeliac disease.

    Main Results:

    • Two patients were diagnosed with coeliac disease.

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  • Recurrent aphthae resolved in these two patients after initiating a gluten-free diet.
  • The study confirmed a higher prevalence of nutritional deficiencies and coeliac disease in patients with aphthae.

    • Conclusions:

    • Coeliac disease and nutritional deficiencies are more prevalent in individuals experiencing recurrent aphthae.
    • A gluten-free diet is effective for aphthae associated with coeliac disease.
    • Jejunal biopsy is advised only when malabsorption symptoms are present.