The renal acidoses

In metabolic acidosis of renal origin, the defect may involve bicarbonate reclamation by the proximal tubule, acid excretion by the distal tubule, or both. Mechanisms, diagnosis, complications, and management are described for both the proximal and the distal renal tubular acidoses. Specific attention is also devoted to the several syndromes of generalized distal nephron dysfunction and to uremic acidosis.