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Thiamin status during pregnancy

S C Vir, A H Love, W Thompson

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research. Internationale Zeitschrift Fur Vitamin- Und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal International De Vitaminologie Et De Nutrition

|January 1, 1980

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Many pregnant women experience thiamin deficiency, impacting their health. This study highlights the prevalence and risk factors associated with low thiamin pyrophosphate (TPP) effect levels during pregnancy.

Area of Science:

Nutritional Biochemistry
Maternal Health
Human Physiology

Background:

Thiamin (Vitamin B1) is essential for metabolic processes.
Suboptimal thiamin status can affect maternal and fetal health.
Prevalence and influencing factors of thiamin deficiency in pregnancy require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess the thiamin status in nonpregnant and pregnant women.
To identify the prevalence of thiamin deficiency during different stages of pregnancy.
To explore factors associated with thiamin deficiency in pregnant women.

Main Methods:

Biochemical assessment of thiamin status using the thiamin pyrophosphate (TPP) effect.
Evaluation of 20 nonpregnant women and 60 pregnant women (including 2nd trimester, 3rd trimester, and postpartum).

Keywords:

Anthropometry Biology Control Groups Diseases Nutrition Disorders--etiology Oral Contraceptives Parity Physiology Population Characteristics Postpartum Women Pregnancy Pregnancy, Second Trimester Pregnancy, Third Trimester Puerperium Reproduction Research Methodology Smoking Vitamin B Complex--analysis Vitamins

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Analysis of thiamine intake, oral contraceptive history, and number of previous pregnancies.

Main Results:

30% of nonpregnant women and 28-39% of pregnant women exhibited deficient thiamin status (TPP effect >20%).
Thiamin deficiency was not consistently present throughout all pregnancy periods for any individual.
Thiamine intake and oral contraceptive use did not correlate with deficiency; however, increased previous pregnancies correlated with higher deficiency incidence.

Conclusions:

A significant proportion of pregnant women present with suboptimal thiamin status.
Thiamin deficiency during pregnancy is multifactorial and not solely dependent on intake or pregnancy stage.
Increased parity is a potential risk factor for thiamin deficiency in pregnant women.